孕前半年起不能拍X光片？这条警告还要害多少人。( 五 ) _孕前保健

The issue of pregnancy termination is undoubtedly managed differently around the world. It is complicated by individual ethical, moral, and religious beliefs as well as perhaps being subject to laws or regulations at a local or national level. This complicated issue involves much more than radiation protection considerations and require the provision of counseling for the patient and her partner.
是否需要终止妊娠这个问题在世界各地的认定无疑都是不同的。它受到个人伦理，道德和宗教信仰各方面的影响，也可能受到地方或国家的法律或法规的约束。这个复杂的问题远不止需要考虑辐射防护这一方面，更需要为患者及其家人提供咨询。
At foetal doses in excess of 500 mGy, there can be significant foetal damage, the magnitude and type of which is a function of dose and stage of pregnancy.
在胎儿受到的辐射剂量超过500 mGy时，可能会有重大的胎儿损伤，损害的大小和类型与受到的辐射剂量和怀孕的阶段有直接关系。
Q&A Can the patient become sterile after undergoing a diagnostic X ray examination?
患者在接受诊断性X线检查后是否会不育？
The gonads are radiosensitive organs in the human body. The threshold radiation dose for permanent sterility in men is 3500- 6000 mGy, and for women 2500 - 6000 mGy.
性腺是人体内对射线比较敏感的器官。造成男性永久性不育的辐射剂量阈值为3500 -6000 mGy，女性为2500 - 6000 mGy 。
美国妇产科学会ACOG，关于孕期相关检查的建议是下面这样的：
Ultrasonography and magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI) are not associated with risk and are the imaging techniques of choice for the pregnant patient, but they should be used prudently and only when use is expected to answer a relevant clinical question or otherwise provide medical benefit to the patient.
超声检查和磁共振成像（MRI）与怀孕风险没有关系，是孕期患者的首选成像技术，但这些技术一样应谨慎使用，只应用于需要解答相关临床问题或其他对患者有医学收益的时候。
With few exceptions, radiation exposure through radiography, computed tomography (CT) scan, or nuclear medicine imaging techniques is at a dose much lower than the exposure associated with fetal harm. If these techniques are necessary in addition to ultrasonography or MRI orare more readily available for the diagnosis in question, they should not be withheld from a pregnant patient.
除了少数情况外，放射性检查，包括X光片，计算机断层扫描（CT）或核医学成像技术的辐射暴露的剂量远低于会损伤胎儿的暴露。如果在超声检查或MRI之外，应用这些检查技术来检查是必要的或更容易给出诊断，不应当排斥给怀孕的患者使用。
The use of gadolinium contrast with MRI should be limited; it may be used as a contrast agent in a pregnant woman only if it significantly improves diagnostic performance and is expected to improve fetal or maternal outcome.

孕前半年起不能拍X光片？这条警告还要害多少人。( 五 )

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